一(yi)波政策(ce)的(de)密(mi)集出臺(tai)，使通用機場建(jian)設(she)再度成(cheng)為投資熱點。
8月22日，民(min)(min)航局、國(guo)家發改(gai)委聯合發布《民(min)(min)航領(ling)域鼓(gu)(gu)勵民(min)(min)間(jian)投資(zi)項目(mu)清(qing)單》，共28個項目(mu)，其中有(you)關(guan)通用機場（產業園區）建(jian)設(she)的(de)項目(mu)有(you)6個。在這之(zhi)前，國(guo)家發改(gai)委、民(min)(min)航局還聯合印發了(le)《關(guan)于促進(jin)通用機場有(you)序(xu)發展的(de)意見(jian)》（下稱(cheng)《意見(jian)》），提出要(yao)穩妥有(you)序(xu)推進(jin)通用機場建(jian)設(she)，鼓(gu)(gu)勵和吸引社會資(zi)本(ben)投資(zi)建(jian)設(she)通用機場。
此前，民(min)航(hang)局(ju)公(gong)布的(de)數據顯示，截至(zhi)2018年6月底，已(yi)頒證可保障通(tong)(tong)航(hang)起(qi)降(jiang)的(de)機(ji)場(chang)達到404座（含(han)運(yun)輸機(ji)場(chang)231座）。考慮到當前民(min)航(hang)發(fa)展(zhan)迅速，不(bu)少運(yun)輸機(ji)場(chang)不(bu)愿(yuan)意給微(wei)利的(de)通(tong)(tong)用航(hang)空飛(fei)行提供保障，因(yin)此減去一定的(de)運(yun)輸機(ji)場(chang)，剩下的(de)數量(liang)距離(li)實現2020年“建(jian)成500座以(yi)上通(tong)(tong)用機(ji)場(chang)”的(de)發(fa)展(zhan)目標有(you)較大差(cha)距。《國務院辦公(gong)廳關于促(cu)(cu)進通(tong)(tong)用航(hang)空業(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)指導意見》明確，地方(fang)政府承擔促(cu)(cu)進通(tong)(tong)航(hang)產業(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)、加強安全監管的(de)主體責任，因(yin)此吸(xi)引社會資本(ben)投資通(tong)(tong)用機(ji)場(chang)建(jian)設的(de)政策將(jiang)會有(you)一定持續性，并(bing)將(jiang)在很(hen)長(chang)一段時間(jian)內為地方(fang)政府所(suo)重視。
為(wei)吸引社(she)會(hui)資本(ben)(ben)投(tou)資通(tong)(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)場(chang)(chang)(chang)，行(xing)(xing)業主管(guan)部(bu)門從(cong)供(gong)給(gei)側推出多項改革(ge)措施。一是(shi)政(zheng)策供(gong)給(gei)。主要體現(xian)為(wei)加(jia)(jia)快簡(jian)化(hua)通(tong)(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)場(chang)(chang)(chang)審(shen)批手續(xu)、加(jia)(jia)快通(tong)(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)場(chang)(chang)(chang)審(shen)批速度(du)、放寬(kuan)通(tong)(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)場(chang)(chang)(chang)條框(kuang)限制(zhi)等(deng)。其中(zhong)，《意見》還明確，要規范通(tong)(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)場(chang)(chang)(chang)升(sheng)級轉(zhuan)換機(ji)(ji)(ji)制(zhi)，對(dui)(dui)(dui)通(tong)(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)航(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)空(kong)(kong)(kong)短途運輸(shu)市場(chang)(chang)(chang)需(xu)求旺盛、通(tong)(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)場(chang)(chang)(chang)運行(xing)(xing)安(an)全平穩，以(yi)及有(you)一定支(zhi)線運輸(shu)需(xu)求的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)區，地(di)方(fang)政(zheng)府(fu)可利用(yong)(yong)(yong)現(xian)有(you)通(tong)(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)場(chang)(chang)(chang)升(sheng)級改造為(wei)運輸(shu)機(ji)(ji)(ji)場(chang)(chang)(chang)。相(xiang)比運輸(shu)機(ji)(ji)(ji)場(chang)(chang)(chang)審(shen)批手續(xu)復雜、投(tou)資較大(da)、運營管(guan)理成本(ben)(ben)較高，從(cong)審(shen)批相(xiang)對(dui)(dui)(dui)簡(jian)單(dan)、投(tou)資相(xiang)對(dui)(dui)(dui)較少的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)通(tong)(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)場(chang)(chang)(chang)入手，并做(zuo)大(da)做(zuo)實，未來轉(zhuan)型為(wei)運輸(shu)機(ji)(ji)(ji)場(chang)(chang)(chang)，也將成為(wei)地(di)方(fang)政(zheng)府(fu)發(fa)展民航(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)業的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一個切入點。二是(shi)加(jia)(jia)快服(fu)務(wu)保(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)體系(xi)(xi)建設。低(di)空(kong)(kong)(kong)飛(fei)行(xing)(xing)服(fu)務(wu)保(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)體系(xi)(xi)是(shi)通(tong)(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)航(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)空(kong)(kong)(kong)“飛(fei)起來”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎，完(wan)善的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)保(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)體系(xi)(xi)建設對(dui)(dui)(dui)通(tong)(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)場(chang)(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建設會(hui)起到很大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)促進作用(yong)(yong)(yong)。在8月2日~3日由民航(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)局空(kong)(kong)(kong)管(guan)局和波音(yin)公司聯合召開(kai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)空(kong)(kong)(kong)域分類暨通(tong)(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)航(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)空(kong)(kong)(kong)研討會(hui)上，民航(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)局空(kong)(kong)(kong)管(guan)局局長車進軍表示，計劃(hua)成立專門的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)通(tong)(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)航(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)空(kong)(kong)(kong)運行(xing)(xing)管(guan)理和低(di)空(kong)(kong)(kong)飛(fei)行(xing)(xing)服(fu)務(wu)部(bu)門，負(fu)責通(tong)(tong)(tong)航(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)運行(xing)(xing)管(guan)理工(gong)作；形成包括(kuo)飛(fei)行(xing)(xing)計劃(hua)、航(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)空(kong)(kong)(kong)情報、氣象服(fu)務(wu)、監視告警等(deng)各(ge)項服(fu)務(wu)在內的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信息服(fu)務(wu)保(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)體系(xi)(xi)，提高對(dui)(dui)(dui)低(di)空(kong)(kong)(kong)通(tong)(tong)(tong)航(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)飛(fei)行(xing)(xing)活動(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)通(tong)(tong)(tong)信、監視服(fu)務(wu)能力。三(san)是(shi)逐步(bu)規范補貼(tie)，發(fa)揮市場(chang)(chang)(chang)在資源配置(zhi)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)決定性作用(yong)(yong)(yong)。民航(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)局局長馮正霖(lin)表示，要不斷完(wan)善通(tong)(tong)(tong)航(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)補貼(tie)政(zheng)策，加(jia)(jia)大(da)對(dui)(dui)(dui)社(she)會(hui)公益特征明顯的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)服(fu)務(wu)領(ling)域的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)支(zhi)持力度(du)。“十三(san)五”期間(jian)，民航(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)局將安(an)排民航(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)發(fa)展基金(jin)對(dui)(dui)(dui)各(ge)省（區、市）1座~2座以(yi)短途運輸(shu)、應急救(jiu)(jiu)援、醫療救(jiu)(jiu)護等(deng)公益性較強的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)通(tong)(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)航(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)空(kong)(kong)(kong)服(fu)務(wu)為(wei)主的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)通(tong)(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)場(chang)(chang)(chang)建設項目予以(yi)重點支(zhi)持。
供給側結構性(xing)改革(ge)的(de)(de)效果逐(zhu)步顯現(xian)，但通(tong)用機場建(jian)設仍舊面臨一些(xie)瓶(ping)頸。一是(shi)低(di)(di)空(kong)空(kong)域(yu)(yu)尚(shang)未(wei)(wei)開放。沒有(you)“天時”，通(tong)航飛行(xing)受到(dao)較大(da)限制。可(ke)喜的(de)(de)是(shi)，目前(qian)低(di)(di)空(kong)空(kong)域(yu)(yu)改革(ge)工作(zuo)(zuo)已經逐(zhu)步展(zhan)開，四川省正在(zai)進行(xing)深度低(di)(di)空(kong)空(kong)域(yu)(yu)改革(ge)試(shi)點，將(jiang)為(wei)通(tong)用機場建(jian)設提供強大(da)的(de)(de)支(zhi)撐。二是(shi)通(tong)用機場盈利(li)模式尚(shang)未(wei)(wei)成熟。目前(qian)，通(tong)用機場建(jian)設多依(yi)托附加值較高(gao)的(de)(de)通(tong)航制造業，多建(jian)在(zai)通(tong)航產(chan)業園區內，對外開放少，保障設施也很難支(zhi)撐機場可(ke)持續高(gao)質(zhi)量發展(zhan)。但最近出臺的(de)(de)政(zheng)策(ce)表明，要(yao)將(jiang)通(tong)用機場單獨(du)作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)投資項目，更多發揮其(qi)基礎性(xing)、社會性(xing)甚至公益性(xing)作(zuo)(zuo)用，使其(qi)與航空(kong)制造等分(fen)開運(yun)行(xing)。
隨(sui)(sui)著(zhu)低空(kong)空(kong)域改(gai)革的(de)(de)(de)逐(zhu)步(bu)推進和(he)政(zheng)(zheng)策環境的(de)(de)(de)逐(zhu)步(bu)向好(hao)，投資(zi)(zi)通(tong)(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)將(jiang)(jiang)成為(wei)一(yi)個新“風口(kou)”。一(yi)是(shi)投融(rong)資(zi)(zi)渠道更(geng)多(duo)，整體成本降(jiang)低。《意見(jian)》明確(que)，鼓(gu)勵(li)政(zheng)(zheng)策性、開(kai)發性金(jin)(jin)融(rong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)構對通(tong)(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)建(jian)設提供多(duo)樣化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)融(rong)服(fu)務(wu)和(he)融(rong)資(zi)(zi)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)持，拓寬(kuan)融(rong)資(zi)(zi)渠道，降(jiang)低企業(ye)融(rong)資(zi)(zi)成本。支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)持地(di)方(fang)通(tong)(tong)(tong)過設立發展(zhan)基金(jin)(jin)等方(fang)式(shi)，為(wei)通(tong)(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)建(jian)設提供資(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)和(he)貼息補助；鼓(gu)勵(li)地(di)方(fang)政(zheng)(zheng)府采用(yong)(yong)(yong)特許經營(ying)、政(zheng)(zheng)府購買服(fu)務(wu)等方(fang)式(shi)，加(jia)大政(zheng)(zheng)策和(he)資(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)扶持力(li)度。這意味著(zhu)通(tong)(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)項目(mu)可(ke)以(yi)獲得(de)多(duo)種形式(shi)的(de)(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)融(rong)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)持。二是(shi)明確(que)了通(tong)(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)轉型(xing)為(wei)運(yun)(yun)輸機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)升級(ji)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)制。從(cong)發達國(guo)家發展(zhan)經驗和(he)我國(guo)民航(hang)(hang)(hang)發展(zhan)需求(qiu)來看，我國(guo)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)短板嚴(yan)重，機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)運(yun)(yun)營(ying)的(de)(de)(de)未來收益預(yu)期會(hui)(hui)保(bao)(bao)(bao)持穩定(ding)，從(cong)通(tong)(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)轉型(xing)為(wei)運(yun)(yun)輸機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)將(jiang)(jiang)進一(yi)步(bu)釋放(fang)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)建(jian)設需求(qiu)。三是(shi)通(tong)(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)盈(ying)利(li)點將(jiang)(jiang)會(hui)(hui)逐(zhu)步(bu)清晰。隨(sui)(sui)著(zhu)低空(kong)服(fu)務(wu)保(bao)(bao)(bao)障(zhang)體系(xi)的(de)(de)(de)建(jian)立，地(di)面保(bao)(bao)(bao)障(zhang)設施的(de)(de)(de)完善，通(tong)(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)供應(ying)商運(yun)(yun)營(ying)將(jiang)(jiang)會(hui)(hui)更(geng)加(jia)專業(ye)化(hua)、系(xi)統(tong)化(hua)，這些保(bao)(bao)(bao)障(zhang)平臺的(de)(de)(de)建(jian)設都將(jiang)(jiang)依托(tuo)通(tong)(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)，在一(yi)定(ding)程度上有(you)利(li)于降(jiang)低通(tong)(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)運(yun)(yun)維成本；隨(sui)(sui)著(zhu)公(gong)務(wu)航(hang)(hang)(hang)空(kong)市場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)和(he)飛行(xing)愛好(hao)者數量的(de)(de)(de)逐(zhu)步(bu)增加(jia)，能夠(gou)更(geng)加(jia)靈活、快(kuai)捷保(bao)(bao)(bao)障(zhang)飛機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)起降(jiang)的(de)(de)(de)通(tong)(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)將(jiang)(jiang)會(hui)(hui)受到公(gong)務(wu)航(hang)(hang)(hang)空(kong)和(he)飛行(xing)愛好(hao)者的(de)(de)(de)青睞；為(wei)無人(ren)(ren)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)快(kuai)遞等新興通(tong)(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)航(hang)(hang)(hang)空(kong)業(ye)態提供支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)持也是(shi)通(tong)(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)新選(xuan)擇。今(jin)年6月(yue)18日，西(xi)部通(tong)(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)有(you)限(xian)公(gong)司攜手京東無人(ren)(ren)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)在陜西(xi)丹鳳機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)舉(ju)行(xing)通(tong)(tong)(tong)航(hang)(hang)(hang)物流(liu)試運(yun)(yun)行(xing)啟動儀式(shi)，雙(shuang)方(fang)將(jiang)(jiang)持續加(jia)強(qiang)在通(tong)(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)建(jian)設、無人(ren)(ren)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)飛行(xing)、航(hang)(hang)(hang)空(kong)物流(liu)運(yun)(yun)輸等領域的(de)(de)(de)交(jiao)流(liu)與合(he)作。同時，通(tong)(tong)(tong)航(hang)(hang)(hang)飛機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)托(tuo)管及租賃、通(tong)(tong)(tong)航(hang)(hang)(hang)飛行(xing)培訓、通(tong)(tong)(tong)航(hang)(hang)(hang)融(rong)資(zi)(zi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)、通(tong)(tong)(tong)航(hang)(hang)(hang)旅游會(hui)(hui)展(zhan)、通(tong)(tong)(tong)航(hang)(hang)(hang)中(zhong)介服(fu)務(wu)等傳(chuan)統(tong)通(tong)(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)航(hang)(hang)(hang)空(kong)活動都將(jiang)(jiang)以(yi)通(tong)(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)為(wei)基礎平臺，通(tong)(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)可(ke)據(ju)此開(kai)展(zhan)多(duo)元化(hua)經營(ying)業(ye)務(wu)，從(cong)而持續探索新的(de)(de)(de)盈(ying)利(li)模式(shi)。