何為機上IFE？
IFE（In Flight Entertainment）機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)上娛樂(le)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)，是為乘(cheng)客(ke)提(ti)供飛(fei)行途中娛樂(le)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)，包含語(yu)音廣(guang)播(bo)(bo)(bo)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)（大(da)家都(dou)能聽(ting)到(dao)的登機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)音樂(le)等）、視(shi)頻(pin)(pin)廣(guang)播(bo)(bo)(bo)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)（大(da)家都(dou)能見到(dao)的頭頂的吊屏）、AVOD音視(shi)頻(pin)(pin)點(dian)播(bo)(bo)(bo)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)（一(yi)般寬體機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)都(dou)有椅背上屏幕）等，每架(jia)飛(fei)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)都(dou)有機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)上IFE，一(yi)方(fang)面是為乘(cheng)客(ke)提(ti)供娛樂(le)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)，另一(yi)方(fang)面也(ye)是播(bo)(bo)(bo)放安全須(xu)知等需要(yao)，只是不同(tong)航空(kong)(kong)公(gong)司(si)IFE配置不一(yi)樣，有些廉價(jia)航空(kong)(kong)公(gong)司(si)僅選(xuan)擇(ze)語(yu)音廣(guang)播(bo)(bo)(bo)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)，大(da)部分航空(kong)(kong)公(gong)司(si)窄體機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)選(xuan)擇(ze)了(le)語(yu)音廣(guang)播(bo)(bo)(bo)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)和視(shi)頻(pin)(pin)廣(guang)播(bo)(bo)(bo)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)，大(da)部分寬體機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)除了(le)語(yu)音廣(guang)播(bo)(bo)(bo)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)、視(shi)頻(pin)(pin)廣(guang)播(bo)(bo)(bo)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)之外，還(huan)選(xuan)擇(ze)AVOD音視(shi)頻(pin)(pin)點(dian)播(bo)(bo)(bo)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)，這三(san)個(ge)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)造(zao)價(jia)也(ye)分別是數(shu)(shu)(shu)萬美金(jin)、數(shu)(shu)(shu)十萬美金(jin)、數(shu)(shu)(shu)百萬美金(jin)的量級，之所以有歐(ou)美航空(kong)(kong)公(gong)司(si)窄體機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)棄裝(zhuang)AVOD系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)核(he)心(xin)原因是造(zao)價(jia)太高了(le)，增重(zhong)太多了(le)，光AVOD屏幕線纜就達(da)數(shu)(shu)(shu)噸(dun)重(zhong)。
前面所提到(dao)的三(san)種IFE系統(tong)都(dou)是(shi)采用(yong)有線連接(jie)的，從(cong)服務器到(dao)屏幕都(dou)是(shi)系統(tong)自(zi)帶的，用(yong)戶的BYOD（用(yong)戶自(zi)攜終端）無法接(jie)入系統(tong)。
其(qi)實客艙Wi-Fi也是IFE系統的一種形式，只是它是采用無(wu)線方式實現終端與服(fu)務器之(zhi)間連接(jie)，是無(wu)線替(ti)代有線的一種解決方案。由(you)于Wi-Fi的開放性，使(shi)得用戶(hu)BYOD（用戶(hu)自攜(xie)終端）能自如的接(jie)入服(fu)務器，訪問(wen)服(fu)務器內容。
Wi-Fi普及，機上(shang)IFE何去何從(cong)？
可以這(zhe)樣說，客艙Wi-Fi出現是傳統有線IFE系統的(de)革命，它(ta)以無線的(de)便捷(jie)性，Wi-Fi的(de)開放性讓乘客更好(hao)的(de)使用(yong)用(yong)戶自己終端接入飛機娛樂系統。
對于(yu)老舊(jiu)飛機來說，未(wei)來Wi-Fi普及將(jiang)面臨Wi-Fi服務(wu)器與(yu)廣播(bo)娛樂(le)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)服務(wu)器共(gong)存的(de)問題，航(hang)空公(gong)司將(jiang)面臨維護兩套(tao)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)窘境。老鷹(ying)發現像(xiang)787-9這么(me)先進的(de)飛機，竟(jing)然將(jiang)Ku+Wi-Fi系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)與(yu)AVOD音(yin)視頻點(dian)播(bo)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)進行了分別建設，兩套(tao)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)，凸顯出(chu)傳統(tong)(tong)(tong)IFE廠家不愿意放(fang)棄過去老的(de)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)架構，將(jiang)二(er)者融合。于(yu)是出(chu)現了筆記(ji)本能上網，而(er)椅背屏幕不能上網的(de)窘境。
Wi-Fi的(de)(de)普及(ji)是(shi)否(fou)(fou)就意(yi)味著機(ji)上IFE的(de)(de)消亡呢？答案是(shi)否(fou)(fou)定的(de)(de)，從前面章節(jie)可以看(kan)出Wi-Fi不過是(shi)IFE系統(tong)無線化的(de)(de)一種演進而(er)已，不過傳統(tong)機(ji)上IFE暴(bao)利(li)時代必將(jiang)終結。
傳統(tong)(tong)(tong)IFE市場(chang)被三大航(hang)電巨頭壟斷，松下航(hang)電、泰(tai)勒斯(si)、柯林(lin)斯(si)，大家(jia)按機型按系統(tong)(tong)(tong)分(fen)割(ge)各(ge)自市場(chang)，鮮有其他(ta)廠(chang)家(jia)能夠分(fen)一杯羹，只有少數像多尼卡這樣的中國民(min)族(zu)航(hang)電企(qi)業，也是靠這些大廠(chang)家(jia)老舊設備替換占據(ju)些許市場(chang)份額(e)，傳統(tong)(tong)(tong)IFE的高額(e)利潤，讓(rang)他(ta)們不愿技(ji)術升級(ji)，雖然無線替代有線大勢(shi)所趨，但到今(jin)天最先進的787-9飛機，仍然選(xuan)擇(ze)重達數噸重的有線AVOD系統(tong)(tong)(tong)。
Wi-Fi+手(shou)(shou)(shou)機(ji)開放(fang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)否意(yi)味著視(shi)頻(pin)廣(guang)(guang)播系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)和AVOD系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)終結(jie)呢？老鷹認(ren)為(wei)不盡然，首先視(shi)頻(pin)廣(guang)(guang)播系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)能強(qiang)制(zhi)播放(fang)安全(quan)(quan)須知視(shi)頻(pin)，可以(yi)減輕空(kong)乘(cheng)(cheng)人員安全(quan)(quan)演示示范(fan)勞(lao)動強(qiang)度，但(dan)視(shi)頻(pin)廣(guang)(guang)播系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)與(yu)Wi-Fi的(de)(de)(de)融(rong)合(he)確(que)顯(xian)得十分必(bi)要(yao)，未來(lai)兩(liang)個系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)必(bi)將(jiang)走向融(rong)合(he)，我們可以(yi)形象將(jiang)二者比喻(yu)成(cheng)廣(guang)(guang)播電視(shi)和互(hu)聯(lian)網(wang)，并沒有(you)(you)因(yin)為(wei)互(hu)聯(lian)網(wang)出(chu)現，廣(guang)(guang)播電視(shi)就(jiu)消亡了(le)，但(dan)基(ji)于光纖入戶的(de)(de)(de)IPTV融(rong)合(he)方案就(jiu)有(you)(you)效的(de)(de)(de)解(jie)決互(hu)聯(lian)網(wang)與(yu)電視(shi)兩(liang)大(da)需求；而對(dui)于Wi-Fi與(yu)AVOD系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)，老鷹有(you)(you)幸(xing)乘(cheng)(cheng)坐過港龍(long)(long)航(hang)(hang)(hang)空(kong)公司香港飛(fei)上(shang)海航(hang)(hang)(hang)班(ban)，由于港龍(long)(long)航(hang)(hang)(hang)空(kong)按EASA要(yao)求，允(yun)許(xu)手(shou)(shou)(shou)機(ji)開放(fang)，所(suo)以(yi)老鷹途(tu)中用手(shou)(shou)(shou)機(ji)使用Wi-Fi看了(le)一個電影，最后的(de)(de)(de)感覺就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)手(shou)(shou)(shou)都(dou)麻了(le)，手(shou)(shou)(shou)機(ji)屏(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)幕(mu)看長視(shi)頻(pin)還是(shi)(shi)(shi)蠻累的(de)(de)(de)，特(te)別是(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)飛(fei)機(ji)上(shang)狹小的(de)(de)(de)環境(jing)下，所(suo)以(yi)老鷹認(ren)為(wei)AVOD系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)椅背(bei)屏(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)不會隨著Wi-Fi+手(shou)(shou)(shou)機(ji)開放(fang)而消亡，所(suo)以(yi)現在(zai)你見過那(nei)個航(hang)(hang)(hang)空(kong)公司新(xin)購(gou)寬體(ti)(ti)機(ji)放(fang)棄AVOD系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)采購(gou)嗎？大(da)屏(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)幕(mu)體(ti)(ti)驗(yan)(yan)永遠比小屏(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)幕(mu)要(yao)好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)多，特(te)別是(shi)(shi)(shi)視(shi)頻(pin)類體(ti)(ti)驗(yan)(yan)，不過傳統(tong)(tong)(tong)AVOD系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)必(bi)將(jiang)會逐步消亡，取而代(dai)之的(de)(de)(de)一定是(shi)(shi)(shi)Wi-Fi與(yu)AVOD系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)融(rong)合(he)的(de)(de)(de)WAVOD系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)，其(qi)實椅背(bei)屏(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)幕(mu)核心難點在(zai)于座(zuo)(zuo)椅與(yu)屏(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)幕(mu)廠(chang)家(jia)的(de)(de)(de)配合(he)集成(cheng)，過去(qu)國(guo)(guo)外座(zuo)(zuo)椅廠(chang)家(jia)拒(ju)絕跟中國(guo)(guo)廠(chang)家(jia)合(he)作，導致國(guo)(guo)產屏(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)幕(mu)無法集成(cheng)到座(zuo)(zuo)椅中去(qu)，屆時(shi)隨著中國(guo)(guo)民族航(hang)(hang)(hang)電崛起和國(guo)(guo)產座(zuo)(zuo)椅廠(chang)家(jia)的(de)(de)(de)雄起，WAVOD系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)一定會給航(hang)(hang)(hang)空(kong)乘(cheng)(cheng)客帶來(lai)更好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)業務體(ti)(ti)驗(yan)(yan)，相信不久將(jiang)來(lai)，更輕更薄更幻(huan)的(de)(de)(de)屏(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)幕(mu)將(jiang)裝上(shang)飛(fei)機(ji)，什么裸眼3D呀(ya)都(dou)將(jiang)不是(shi)(shi)(shi)夢(meng)，有(you)(you)中國(guo)(guo)創(chuang)新(xin)加(jia)入，必(bi)將(jiang)大(da)大(da)縮短屏(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)幕(mu)上(shang)飛(fei)機(ji)的(de)(de)(de)時(shi)間(jian)，讓飛(fei)機(ji)的(de)(de)(de)屏(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)幕(mu)與(yu)地面(mian)屏(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)幕(mu)更加(jia)接近(jin)與(yu)同步，當然成(cheng)本(ben)也會大(da)大(da)降低(di)。
觀點
隨著天地互聯技(ji)術發展(zhan)，傳統(tong)IFE系統(tong)必將(jiang)被未來基于無(wu)線(xian)的IFEC系統(tong)所替代(dai)，機(ji)上(shang)娛樂會更加豐富與(yu)個性(xing)化(hua)(hua)，手(shou)機(ji)與(yu)椅背屏(ping)幕會在長期并存下去，一個走向更加便捷(jie)與(yu)個性(xing)化(hua)(hua)，一個走向更好的視(shi)覺體驗。
寬體(ti)飛(fei)(fei)機(ji)由(you)于值(zhi)飛(fei)(fei)長航線，基于Wi-Fi系(xi)統的(de)WAVOD能大大降低椅背(bei)屏(ping)(ping)幕的(de)施工難(nan)度，未(wei)來(lai)椅背(bei)屏(ping)(ping)幕不(bu)會隨著(zhu)手機(ji)開放而(er)(er)消(xiao)亡(wang)；窄(zhai)體(ti)飛(fei)(fei)機(ji)，由(you)于值(zhi)飛(fei)(fei)航線較短，一(yi)般不(bu)超過3個(ge)小時，隨著(zhu)Wi-Fi技術(shu)普及(ji)，原來(lai)不(bu)裝(zhuang)AVOD的(de)頭等艙或(huo)商務艙反(fan)而(er)(er)，可(ke)以考慮安裝(zhuang)WAVOD椅背(bei)屏(ping)(ping)，優質優價(jia)，作為服(fu)務價(jia)值(zhi)提升較好(hao)(hao)的(de)硬件環(huan)境與手段。當然了(le)如果(guo)椅背(bei)屏(ping)(ping)造價(jia)大幅降低，經(jing)濟艙安裝(zhuang)WAVOD系(xi)統也是有可(ke)能的(de)，畢竟(jing)技術(shu)和創新(xin)帶來(lai)革新(xin)必將帶來(lai)成本的(de)節省，讓我們致力于未(wei)來(lai)飛(fei)(fei)行生活更美好(hao)(hao)而(er)(er)砥礪前行！